Reuters: Paulson on Mideast USD pegs


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Maybe the weak USD is causing him to have second thoughts on preventing CBs and monetary authorities from accumulating USDs to keep their currencies low and support their exporters?

Ending dollar peg won’t solve Gulf inflation: Paulson

by David Lawder

(Reuters) U.S. Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson said on Saturday the dollar peg for currencies in the Middle East had served those countries well and any changes to the peg would be a sovereign matter.

Paulson, on a visit to Saudi Arabia, Qatar and the United Arab Emirates, also told a news conference the current level of oil prices were a burden on economies and consumers around the world.

Asked about the dollar peg, Paulson said:

“That is a sovereign decision … The dollar peg, I think, has served this country (Saudi Arabia) and this region well.”

Paulson earlier met Saudi Finance Minister Ibrahim al-Assaf to discuss a range of issues including the oil market, the U.S. and Saudi economies and issues related to foreign exchange.


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Reuters: Putin hiking wages and pensions


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As suspected, the political response to high food prices is to assist with government funding.

Yes, it’s inflationary, but politically there is little choice.

In the case of a relatively rich exporter of energy like Russia, they are helping their citizens outbid poorer nations for food:

Russia’s Putin promises to hike wages, pensions

by Gleb Bryanski

(Reuters) Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin has said he will hike wages, pensions and social benefits to compensate people for rising prices and smooth the effects of anti-inflation policy.

“Through raising wages, pensions, social benefits and subsidies we will try to minimise negative consequences of our anti-inflation policy for the people,” Putin said in an interview with the French Le Monde daily attended by Reuters and released on Saturday.

Missing the annual inflation target by a wide margin has become the biggest policy failure of Putin’s last year as president in 2007 and is likely to turn into a major headache for his cabinet this year.

In his nomination speech in parliament this month, Putin said he was prepared to tolerate double-digit inflation for a few years. His cabinet has yet to present a comprehensive anti-inflation policy.

Putin said his cabinet was aware of inflation dangers and kept a close call on the situation. Inflation is running at 15 percent, making the cabinet’s goal of 10.5 percent for this year unlikely to be attained.

Seems Putin isn’t as worried about inflations as various critics would like him to be.

Russia’s inflation is a result of global food price rises but also a consequence of capital inflows from abroad as well as lavish budget spending ahead of parliamentary and presidential elections last year.

A more prudent budget policy would have helped Russia curb price growth this year but Putin signaled he was not yet prepared to risk his high popularity ratings. “We understand that this (rising wages) means an inflow of money into the economy but we are simply obliged to do it and we will do it,” Putin said.

Yes, politicians do respond to popularity ratings, and Putin is one of the best.

As I’ve written before, don’t underestimate Putin:

Wages grew by 28 percent year-on-year in April and some officials have warned that Russia risks falling into an inflationary spiral as Latin American countries did in the 1990s and have said that wage controls could be necessary.

Food makes up over 40 percent of the basket of goods and services used to calculate Russia’s consumer price index (CPI), a typical feature for poorer nations where the population spends a large proportion of income to feed themselves.

“We understand that food price growth hits those of our citizens who have low incomes. The share of their family budgets spent on food is big,” said Putin.

Putin, who is still coming to grips with his new role as premier, mentioned a recent rise of the refinancing rate — a symbolic ceiling of official interest rates hardly used in practice — among anti-inflation measures.

The central bank has little leverage over the economy, swelled with petrodollars, with its interest rate policy, but the market takes guidance from its deposit and repo rates rather than the refinancing rate.

Echoing his foreign policy statements, Putin blamed the West for Russia’s inflation problem too: “Inflation has been exported to Russia from developed economies, including Europe,” he said.


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Statement from Meltzer


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I like this not so much for his suggestion as for his assessment of the Fed.

This both expresses the market view of the Fed and the Fed’s own expressed concern that their previous actions could contribute to elevated inflation expectations.

“I think they should put interest rates up and worry about inflation. What do I think they’ll do? I think they’ll delay,” says Allan Meltzer, a professor of political economy at Carnegie Mellon and noted Fed watcher. “The Fed is spineless in response to pressures from Congress and pressures from Wall Street.”

In contrast, my best guess is the Fed is ready to act quickly to restore a ‘real rate’ ASAP as ‘market functioning’ risk subsides, no matter how weak the economy my get.

IMHO, it was blind fear of 1907/1930/gold standard deflationary tail risk that caused the Fed to cut rates into a triple negative supply shock, not a lack of resolve vs. inflation that pushed their ‘balance of risks’ towards ’emergency’ cuts with much talk of being ‘nimble’ regarding ‘taking them back’.

The immediate deflation risk was seen to be coming from the housing collapse.

While housing remains weak, it is no longer perceived to pose the same broad-based deflationary risk. Instead, it is showing signs of leveling off, and with GDP and personal income muddling through, housing looks to be muddling through at current levels as well.

NOTE: In August, the Fed didn’t cut because inflation was deemed too high, and it’s a lot higher now.

I don’t expect ‘ordinary’ recession risks to keep them from moving to put a brake on what they see as elevating inflation expectations.

Even Yellen the Dove is ready to hike. They all believe low inflation is a necessary condition for optimal long-term growth and employment, and inflation is now by far the greatest risk to long-term growth and employment.

And they all agree the cost of slow growth now to reign in inflation is far less then the cost of bringing down inflation later should it continue to get worse. In the ‘balance of risks’, inflation is a risk because it is perceived as a crucial risk to long-term growth.

They also agree that their dual mandate is, therefore, met by keeping inflation low, which automatically optimizes long-term growth and employment.

The remaining dove position is that inflation isn’t a problem, as evidenced by low core reports and well-anchored wage demands, and that the current output gap is sufficient to keep inflation expectations from elevating and bring inflation down to desired levels over the next few years.

That position is quickly losing support as evidenced by two actual dissenting votes and a growing movement to the hawk side as perceived deflationary tail risk subsides, inflation expectations show signs of elevating and food/crude/import prices remain firm as they are further supported by the fiscal package.


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A few of the recent charts of interest


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2008-05-30 Real GDP

No sign of recession here.

2008-05-30 Philly Fed Index, Chicago PMI

2008-05-30 Philly Fed Index Orders, Chicago PMI Orders

Several May surveys are showing signs of turning around some.

2008-05-30 New Home Sales, New Home Sales Median Prices, New Homes Months of Supply, New Homes Supply (Actual Units)

This was all ‘better than expected’ with prices blipping up and actual inventories continuing lower.

2008-05-30 NAHB Housing Index, NAHB Present Sales Index, NAHB Future Sales Index, Conference Board Home Buying Intentions

Still down but could be bottoming as well.

2008-05-30 Total Delinquency Rate, Residential Delinquency Rate, All Consumer Loan Delinquency Rate, Credit Card Delinquency Rate

Still moving higher.

2008-05-30 U. of Mich 12 Month Inflation Expectations

2008-05-30 Empire Prices Paid, Empire Prices Rcvd, Philly Fed Prices Paid, Philly Prices Rcvd

May price data has the Fed’s undivided attention.

2008-05-30 ABC Consumer Confidence, ABC Economic Component, ABC Finance Component, ABC Buying Component

Confidence falls to new lows probably due to rising inflation expectations.


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2008-05-30 US Economic Releases


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2008-05-30 Personal Income

Personal Income (Apr)

Survey 0.1%
Actual 0.2%
Prior 0.3%
Revised 0.4%

Soldiering on, and would have been higher if the Fed hadn’t cut rates as interest income is a meaningful factor.

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2008-05-30 Personal Spending

Personal Spending (Apr)

Survey 0.2%
Actual 0.2%
Prior 0.4%
Revised n/a

Also holding up and supporting GDP at muddling through levels.

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2008-05-30 PCE Deflator YoY

PCE Deflator YoY (Apr)

Survey 3.1%
Actual 3.2%
Prior 3.2%
Revised n/a

Zig-zagging its way higher as crude prices rise and get passed through to everything else over time.

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2008-05-30 PCE Core MoM

PCE Core MoM (Apr)

Survey 0.1%
Actual 0.1%
Prior 0.2%
Revised n/a

Taking a breather for a month or so.

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2008-05-30 PCE Core YoY

PCE Core YoY (Apr)

Survey 2.1%
Actual 2.1%
Prior 2.1%
Revised n/a

In the 1970’s this moved through 3% as headline moved through 6%.  Might be just a few months away.

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2008-05-30 Chicago Purchasing Manager

Chicago Purchasing Manager (May)

Survey 48.5
Actual 49.1
Prior 48.3
Revised n/a

Another indicator coming in better than expected and showing signs it has bottomed.

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2008-05-30 U. of Michigan Confidence

U. of Michigan Confidence (May F)

Survey 59.5
Actual 59.8
Prior 59.5
Revised n/a

Though a tad better than expected, still down and out due to rapidly rising inflation expectations.

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2008-05-30 NAPM-Milwaukee

NAPM-Milwaukee

Survey 47.0
Actual 45.0
Prior 48.0
Revised n/a

Not looking cheerful in Milwaukee.


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2008-05-30 Data Recap


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Karim writes:

     

  • Core pce up 0.1% m/m and unch at 2.1% y/y (recent high 2.5% in 2/07; recent low 1.9% in 9/07); 3mth annualized rate back to 1.9%

Yes, the Fed welcomes this but is concerned about its forecasts given food/energy/import/export prices and pipeline pressures.

     

  • Headline rises from 3.1% to 3.2%

And likely to go up from here.

     

  • Personal income up 0.2% m/m; wage and salary component posts decline of 0.2%; likely reflecting end of seasonal bonuses in Q1

Yes, but sufficient to keep consumption muddling through and not collapse as the Fed had feared.

     

  • Chicago PMI rebounds from 48.3 to 49.1

Still weak, but yet another sign the worst may be over.

     

  • Final Michigan reading largely unch but 5-10yr infl expex up a tick from 3.3% to 3.4%

Yes, and very troubling for the FOMC. There have been numerous strong statements regarding the imperative of not letting inflation expectations elevate.

     

  • All add up to ISM likely holding below 50 next week; payrolls down another 50-75k and ue rate back up to 5.1% or 5.2% for May

Yes, weak, but not recession, and strong enough to support the stock markets and ever higher consumer prices.


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ICSC Survey


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Karim writes:

The ICSC weekly chain store sales index was unchanged for the week ending May 24 compared with the prior week and rose by 1.5% from the same week of the prior year–steady with the prior week. The ABC News/Washington Post Consumer Comfort Survey for the period ending May 25 continued to show a record low buying climate evaluation by consumers (for two consecutive weeks) with 81% of respondents calling it a bad time to spend money.

ICSC Research’s statistical analysis (combined with the consumer survey result) suggests that the record high gasoline prices at the pump are dragging down chain-store sales demand by nearly 1 percentage point currently, while the lift so far from higher income, because of the federal tax rebate, is only offsetting that spending drag by about a quarter of percentage point. As such, the net effect (approximately -0.75 pp.) continues to be negative on store spending. April chain store sales on a year-over-year comparable-store basis rose by 3.5%, based on ICSC’s tally of retail chains. However, the April 2008 increase was exaggerated by the shift in the date of Easter compared with April 2007. Over the prior two months, the average monthly year-over-year pace was 1.5%.

Yes, the key is whether the oil producers ‘spend’ the funds here or ‘save’ them and build reserves as they did in the 1970’s.

So far the booming US exports and annecdotal evidence of massive infrastructure expenditures in the middle east indicate they have been spending their higher revenues and sustaining US GDP at muddling through levels.

This means employment and growth muddle through but real terms of trade and our standard of living declines

As of May 23, 43% of the $107 bn. personal federal tax rebate already has been distributed to taxpayers, which should begin to turn the consumer spending tide a bit. In a special consumer tracking survey taken between May 22 and 25, 12% of households reported spending most of the rebate already. Based on the latest tax rebate flow that would imply approximately $5 to $10 bn. of the rebate was spent already by the 51.7 million taxpayers receiving a rebate check so far.

According to an ICSC Research tax rebate survey, released on May 19, ultimately 22% of households expect to spend the rebate, which will potentially mean nearly $25 bn of spending power over the next several months. For the fiscal month of May, ICSC Research expects monthly sales will grow by between 1% and 2% on a year-over-year same-store basis.

My best guess is more will be spent with a relatively short lag of maybe 30 days after receiving the checks. This includes using the checks to make down payments on deferred purchases, such as small appliances and home improvements, which has a multiplier effect.


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Dow Jones: Housing Starts


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Housing Starts Down 8.7% In April

(Dow Jones) Japan’s housing starts fell 8.7% in April from a year earlier to 97,930 units, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport said Friday.

The result was better than the 11.0% decline forecast by a Dow Jones and Nikkei poll of economists.

That was the 10th straight month of declines. The orders fell 15.6% in March and 5.0% in February.

Annualized housing starts stood at 1.151 million units.

Note that this is now higher than in the US, with a far lower population.

US starts should move well above this level over the next few months.

Housing starts for individual homes in April fell 7.8% to 27,274 units, while rental housing starts slipped 5.3% to 39,220 units.

Starts for multiunit dwellings, meanwhile, fell 10.4% to 31,048 units, including condominiums.


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Re: Midcurve steepener – The unusual nature of the current USD selloff


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(an interoffice email)

On Thu, May 29, 2008 at 11:58 PM, Deep wrote:
>    The attached charts shows the change in 3M Forwards for the USD curve from its
>    lowest yield point this year (17Mar08) to today.
>   
>    In Chart 1, the changes are compared to two other periods where we had strong
>    selloffs Jun03->Sep03 and Apr07->Jun07.
>   
>    As the chart shows, in the current selloff, the front end has moved approx 180bp
>    (similar in magnitude to the 2003 selloff). However, in contrast to both 2003 and 2007,
>    the forwards beyond 8y have barely moved. In 2003 and 2007, the 10Y3M rate sold off
>    approx 55% as much as the front end. Both of these periods were characterized by
>    mortgage convexity paying.
>   
>    The lack of movement of the back end in the current selloff is leading to an extreme
>    flattening of the yieldcurve compared to prior selloffs.
>   
Hi Deep,

I’m thinking the forwards are anticipating future Fed moves. They see a relatively quick ‘take back’ of the cuts as market functioning returns and we are left with a ‘normal ‘ slowdown.

With cpi looking to move past 5% over the next few months, passthroughs to core increasing, gdp muddling through with strong exports, the Fed will have to decide what the appropriate ‘real rate’ is for what they feel is an appropriate output gap.

The markets will likely believe/discount the Fed will be successful, which means a eurodollar curve that rises sharply with the inflation attack and then tails off after it’s success.

Warren

>   
>    A possible reason for the unusual nature of the current selloff maybe that
>    two offsetting flows characterize it
>   
>    a) unwind of yieldcurve steepeners by Fixed income, Credit and Equity Funds
>    as part of their delevering out of steepeners – this leads dealers to hedge by
>    paying the front end (less than 5Y) and receive the back end (beyond 10Y).
>   
>    b) paying of 10Y by mortgage convexity hedgers
>   
>    The offsetting flows in the 10Y sector may result in the lack of movement in the
>    forwards beyond 8Y.
>
>     A low-risk way to position against the extreme flattening selloff is through
>    the Midcurve steepener. The trade is to
>    
>     Buy 3160mm Z8expiryZ9 97.00 Call
>    Sell 100mm 12Dec08->10Y 4.25% receiver
>     execute at zero cost
>
>   


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