Category Archives: China

Trade with China, Bank loans, Chain store sales

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Killing the goose that’s laying the golden eggs:

Trump says China has been asked for plan to cut trade imbalance with U.S.

Mar 7 (Reuters) — U.S. President Donald Trump said on Wednesday that China has been asked to develop a plan to reduce its trade surplus with the United States. Trump is pressing to implement campaign promises of hardening the U.S. stance on trade. Last week, he announced that he planned to impose heavy tariffs on imported steel and aluminum. “China has been asked to develop a plan for the year of a One Billion Dollar reduction in their massive Trade Deficit (surplus) with the United States,” Trump tweeted. “We look forward to seeing what ideas they come back with,” Trump wrote.

Looks like it’s flattened further recently?

Highlights

Retail sales proved weak in both December and January and today’s chain-store results, which are no better than mixed, point to another soft month for February. Unit vehicle sales for February, released last week, proved flat and are also pointing to retail disappointment.

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Mtg apps, Jolts, Trade

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Still going nowhere:

Highlights

The volume of purchase applications for home mortgages remained unchanged on a seasonally adjusted basis in the February 2 week, while refinancing applications rose 1.0 percent from the previous week despite the headwind of rising interest rates. Unadjusted, purchase applications increased 7 percent from the previous week, though the year-on-year gain shed 2.0 percentage points to 8 percent. The refinancing share of mortgage activity fell 1.4 percentage points to 46.4 percent, the lowest level since July 2017. Mortgage rates continued to rise and accelerated their climb in the week, with the average interest rate on 30-year fixed rate conforming mortgages ($453,100 or less) up 9 basis points to 4.50 percent, the highest level since April 2014.

Worse than expected, but prior month revised higher, and still looking like a top to me:

Highlights

In bad news for fourth-quarter GDP revisions, the nation’s trade gap widened more sharply than expected in December, totaling $53.1 billion which just tops Econoday’s low estimate. Imports swelled by a steep 2.5 percent in the month to $256.5 billion which is a direct subtraction from GDP. The good news in the report is a solid 1.8 percent rise in exports to $203.4 billion which will add to GDP.

Imports of goods rose 2.9 percent to $210.8 billion with imports of services up 0.6 percent to $45.7 billion. Imports of consumer goods is the Achilles heel, at $55.5 billion for a 6.1 percent rise in the month.

Exports of goods, led by a strong rise in capital goods to $47.4 billion, rose 2.5 percent to $137.5 billion while growth in export of services remains slow, up only 0.2 percent to what is however a very positive $65.9 billion that does its share to hold down the total deficit.

Petroleum imports fell sharply to $15.8 billion as a decline in volume more than offset a rise in price. Exports of petroleum continue to catch up, at $12.5 billion for what is a modest petroleum deficit of $3.3 billion.

Country totals are in for full-year 2017 goods deficits and they are sizable: China up 8.1 percent on the year at $375.2 billion; EU up 3.2 percent at $151.4 billion; Mexico up 12.2 percent at $71.1 billion; Japan up fractionally at $68.9 billion; and Canada up the most by far in percentage terms, 63 percent higher to $17.6 billion.

Demand for foreign goods is bad for GDP but it does point to a very strong national appetite. Exports are on the rise which reflects the strength of global demand and also the decline in the dollar which, on the varying measures, fell about 10 percent during last year. For GDP which came in at an initial 2.6 percent annualized rate in the fourth quarter and was held down heavily by net exports, today’s data look to be an even bigger negative for the second estimate later this month.

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Housing starts, Apple repatriation

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Starts were quite a bit lower than expected while permits held steady:

From the Census Bureau: Permits, Starts and Completions

Housing Starts:
Privately-owned housing starts in December were at a seasonally adjusted annual rate of 1,192,000. This is 8.2 percent below the revised November estimate of 1,299,000 and is 6.0 percent below the December 2016 rate of 1,268,000. Single-family housing starts in December were at a rate of 836,000; this is 11.8 percent below the revised November figure of 948,000. The December rate for units in buildings with five units or more was 352,000.

An estimated 1,202,100 housing units were started in 2017. This is 2.4 percent above the 2016 figure of 1,173,800.

Building Permits:
Privately-owned housing units authorized by building permits in December were at a seasonally adjusted annual rate of 1,302,000. This is 0.1 percent below the revised November rate of 1,303,000, but is 2.8 percent above the December 2016 rate of 1,266,000. Single-family authorizations in December were at a rate of 881,000; this is 1.8 percent above the revised November figure of 865,000. Authorizations of units in buildings with five units or more were at a rate of 382,000 in December.
emphasis added

Read more at http://www.calculatedriskblog.com/#k7tq4Il3CRYpwRsC.99

Looks to me like starts have been hovering around the 1.2 million level for almost 3 years, which is still well below peak starts of the last cycle, and even well below 2001 recession levels as well. And permits looking pretty much the same, for all practical purposes:

It’s a purely political move, of course, as they could have just as easily done all they wanted to do in any case and not get hit with a $38 billion tax bill:

Apple to pay $38B in repatriation tax, pledges to open new campus

That’s less than the 21% tax rate on corporate profits from the new law, itself a drop from the 35% prior rate. In a news release, Apple didn’t mention moving production of iPhones to the U.S. They are currently designed at Apple’s headquarters in Cupertino, California, but built at the Foxconn plants in China.

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Trade, Redbook retail sales, PMI services, ISM services

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As previously discussed, the US bill for oil imports went up:

Highlights

Fourth-quarter net exports get off to a weak start as October’s trade deficit, at $48.7 billion, comes in much deeper than expected and well beyond September’s revised $44.9 billion. Exports, at $195.9 billion in the month, failed to improve in the while imports, at $244.6 billion, rose a steep 1.6 percent. Price effects for oil, up more than $2 to $47.26 per barrel, are to blame for much of the rise in imports inflating costs of industrial supplies including crude where the deficit rose $1.5 billion to $10.7 billion, but consumer goods are also to blame, imports of which rose $800 million in the month to $50.0 billion.

Exports of capital goods are the largest category on the export side and they fell back $1.2 billion to $43.9 billion and reflect a $1.1 billion drop in aircraft where strength in orders, however, points to better aircraft exports to come. Exports for both vehicles, at $12.6 billion, and consumer goods, at $16.3 billion, both declined.

Country data show the monthly gap with China deepening $600 million to $35.2 billion and with Japan by $1.6 billion to $6.4 billion. The EU gap widened by $2.3 billion to $13.7 billion. The gap with Mexico rose $900 million to $6.6 billion and Canada $1.5 billion deeper at $1.8 billion.

Today’s report is not favorable for fourth-quarter GDP but doesn’t derail at all what has been an ongoing run of mostly solid economic results.

Looks like things are settling down:

Highlights

Same store sales were up 3.0 percent year-on-year in the December 2 week, decelerating by a steep 1.5 percentage points from the prior week’s pace. Month-to-date sales versus the previous month were down 0.9 percent, 0.7 percentage points weaker than last week’s reading, while the gain in full month year-on-year sales shed 0.5 percentage points to 3.0 percent. The week’s sharp setback from the strongest reading in 3 years registered in the prior week by retailers in Redbook’s same-store sample may signal more moderate growth in ex-auto ex-gas retail sales during the key Christmas sales period.

The surveys are starting to come off their trumped up levels:

Markit PMI services:


ISM non manufacturing:

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Personal income and spending, GDP, Trump meeting, North Korea tests

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Personal income growth continues to be depressed, which tends to keep spending down as well over time, though this month it had a nice one time increase due to the hurricanes, and the drop in the personal savings rate tells me it’s entirely unsustainable. Also the low inflation readings also support the notion of a general lack of aggregate demand:

Highlights

Core inflation remains lifeless in an unwanted highlight of an otherwise solid income and spending report. Personal income rose 0.4 percent in September and was underpinned by wages & salaries which also rose 0.4 percent. Consumer spending jumped 1.0 percent driven by a 2.1 percent surge in durable goods that was tied to vehicle replacement following Hurricanes Harvey and Irma.

But the rise in income and spending didn’t heat up ex-food ex-gas core inflation which posted a marginal 0.1 percent gain. This is the 5th straight 0.1 percent gain for this key reading. The core’s year-on-year rate has been stuck at a rock bottom 1.3 percent for the last two months. Total inflation, reflecting a hurricane-related gain for energy prices, rose 0.4 percent with this year-on-year rate rising 2 tenths to 1.6 percent.

But the pressure on energy prices has already faded and unless wage pressures can extend their emerging gains, inflation readings are not going to be climbing in the direction of the Federal Reserve 2 percent goal. Also helping spending in September was a sharp 5 tenths decline in the savings rate to 3.1 percent and a 10-year low in what, however, is likely to be another hurricane effect that will be quickly reversed.

For me, the numbers still don’t ‘add up’. Yes, subtracting inventories, trade, etc. bring the number down closer to 2%, but that’s still at odds with the bank lending reports, depressed personal income, decelerating employment, and the large drop in the personal savings rate. I suspect something has to give, and very soon, and most likely a further and larger drop in consumption:

The changes from the prior quarter reflect a general weakening of consumer and commercial spending growth, nearly offset by increased inventories and reduced imports. The contribution from consumer spending on goods dropped -0.24%, while the contribution from spending on services dropped -0.38% (a combined -0.62%). The inventory contribution became significant, at +0.73%, roughly a quarter of the entire growth. The contribution from fixed commercial investment was halved to +0.25% (from +0.53%). Governmental spending remained in a very minor contraction (-0.02%). The contribution from exports dropped -0.14% to +0.28%, while the contribution from imports turned positive, at +0.12%.

The BEA’s “bottom line” (their “Real Final Sales of Domestic Product”, which excludes inventories) decreased to +2.25%, down -0.69% from the prior quarter.

Real annualized household disposable income dropped -$19 to $39,280 (in 2009 dollars). The household savings rate also dropped -0.4% to 3.4%, the lowest level since the fourth quarter of 2007.

For this revision the BEA assumed an effective annualized deflator of 2.16%. During the same quarter (July 2017 through September 2017) the inflation recorded by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) in their CPI-U index was 4.31%. Underestimating inflation results in optimistic growth rates, and if the BEA’s “nominal” data was deflated using CPI-U inflation information the headline growth number would have been materially lower at an +0.89% annualized growth rate.

Among the notable items in the report :

  • The headline contribution from consumer expenditures for goods was reported to be +0.92% (down -0.24% from the prior quarter).
  • The contribution to the headline from consumer spending on services weakened to +0.70% (down -0.38% from the prior quarter). The combined consumer contribution to the headline number was +1.62%, down -0.62% from 2Q-2017.
  • The headline contribution from commercial private fixed investments decreased to +0.25%, down more than half (-0.28%) from the prior quarter. That continued to reflect a contraction in residential construction.
  • Inventory growth provided a material boost to the headline number (+0.73%). This was a +0.61% improvement from the prior quarter. It is important to remember that the BEA’s inventory numbers are exceptionally noisy (and susceptible to significant distortions/anomalies caused by commodity price or currency swings) while ultimately representing a zero reverting (and long term essentially zero sum) series.
  • Governmental spending was reported to be contracting very slightly, at a -0.02% rate. This was a +0.01% improvement from the prior quarter.
  • Exports contributed +0.28% to the headline number, down -0.14% from the prior quarter.
  • Imports added +0.12% to the headline, which was up +0.34% from the prior quarter. In aggregate, foreign trade added +0.42% to the headline number.
  • The “real final sales of domestic product” grew at an annualized 2.25%, down -0.69% from the prior quarter. This is the BEA’s “bottom line” measurement of the economy and it excludes the inventory data.
  • As mentioned above, real per-capita annual disposable income reportedly dropped -$19 per annum. At the same time the household savings rate was reported to have dropped to 3.4% (down -0.4% from the prior quarter). It is important to keep this line item in perspective: real per-capita annual disposable income is up only +7.10% in aggregate since the second quarter of 2008 — a meager annualized +0.74% growth rate over the past 37 quarters.
  • Household disposable income took another hit. Less money was available, and less money was saved — so that a significant portion of the already softening consumer spending came from savings, not pay checks.


    • At this meeting Papadopoulos told everyone he was setting up a meeting with Putin:

    North Korea on verge of ‘catastrophe’ at nuclear site – China warns Kim to STOP tests

    North Korea on verge of ‘catastrophe’ at nuclear site – China warns Kim to STOP tests (Express) Scientists from Beijing believe the Punggye-ri nuclear facility is unstable and that just one more explosion could blow the top off of Mount Mantap, beneath which all six of North Korea’s nuclear tests have been conducted. That could lead to the mountain collapsing, causing radioactive waste to escape and blow across the border into China just 50 miles away. Researchers from the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Institute of Geology and Geophysics warned Pyongyang delegates of the risk during a briefing in Beijing soon after North Korea’s last nuclear test on September 3, according to the South China Morning Post.

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    JOLTS, Redbook sales, Rig count, Credit check, NK comment, PMC jersey

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    Openings higher than hires tells me employers don’t want to pay up, which is also suggested by low wage growth:

    Highlights

    In the latest indications of strong, tight conditions in the labor market, job openings rose to a higher-than-expected 6.170 million in July for a 0.9 percent increase from June. Hirings also rose, up 1.3 percent to 5.501 million which, however, is 669,000 below openings. Openings have been far ahead of hirings for the past several years to indicate that employers are having a hard time filling positions.

    Other indications are steady to higher with the separation rate at 3.6 percent, the quits rate at 2.2 percent, and the layoff rate at 1.2 percent. The only employment data that aren’t strong, in data however that are not part of the JOLTS report, are wages, yet job openings in this report are certain to catch the eye of the more hawkish FOMC policy makers who continue to warn that wage-push inflation is inevitable.

    The growth rate of new openings is at stall speed:


    The new hiring has stalled:


    Moving higher again, as previously discussed:


    Looks like the increases in new drilling are behind us, and new wells are costing a lot less than before the shale bust, so it’s all adding that much less to GDP:


    Not to kick a dead horse, but gdp growth is getting less support from credit growth than it did last year. And that reduction appears to be over 2% of GDP. So far GDP has held up from consumers dipping into savings, which looks to me to be an unsustainable process:


    I’m thinking I’d tell North Korea that if they don’t abandon their nukes will give China a green light to annex them… ;)

    China urges North Korea to ‘take seriously’ bid to halt nuclear program

    Sept 12 (Reuters) — China’s U.N. Ambassador Liu Jieyi called on North Korea to “take seriously the expectations and will of the international community” to halt its nuclear and ballistic missile development, and called on all parties to remain “cool-headed” and not stoke tensions. Liu said relevant parties should resume negotiations “sooner rather than later.” To kick-start talks, China and Russia have proposed a dual suspension of North Korea’s nuclear and ballistic missile testing as well as U.S. and South Korean military exercises. U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Nikki Haley has called the proposal insulting.

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    Misc. charts, Cryptocoin hedge funds, Bank loans

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    Interesting charts:


    Over 50 hedge funds attracting investors who want to go long bitcoin and the rest. Helps explain why the prices are going up even as there is no intrinsic or conversion value whatsoever, which, presuming that to be the case, also means that at some point the mania ends and the price goes all the way back to 0:

    Hedge funds are cashing in on bitcoin mania — there are now 50 dedicated to cryptocurrencies


    Digital currencies, such as Bitcoin, are powered by distributed ledger technology and are not controlled by a centralized authority. The market for such currencies has exploded with over 800 coins on the market with a combined marketcap of $166 billion.

    Autonomous NEXT, a fintech analytics firm, released a list of 55 cryptocurrency hedge funds on Tuesday, illustrating the mounting interest in the space.

    Protecting their investors…
    ;)

    Bitcoin price drops $200 after new ruling from Chinese regulators

    Another interesting chart:


    Still no pick up in site:

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    Dodge index, Euro area lending, China investment, Wholesale trade

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    This is reflected in the deceleration of commercial real estate lending:

    From Dodge Data Analytics: Dodge Momentum Index Stumbles in July

    The Dodge Momentum Index fell in July, dropping 3.3% to 135.0 (2000=100) from its revised June reading of 139.6. The Momentum Index is a monthly measure of the first (or initial) report for nonresidential building projects in planning, which have been shown to lead construction spending for nonresidential buildings by a full year. The move lower in July was due to a 6.6% decline in the institutional component of the Momentum Index, while the commercial component fell 1.1%.This month continues a recent trend of volatility in the Momentum Index where a string of gains is interrupted by a step backwards in planning intentions.

    Not just the US!


    This is slowing things down as well:

    China’s capital controls apply brakes on ‘go out’ drive

    Aug 9 (Nikkei) — China’s outbound direct investment plunged 46% on the year to $48.1 billion in the six months through June, trailing foreign direct investment of $65.6 billion. Foreign acquisitions, remittances, money exchanges and other outbound transactions of more than $5 million became subject to mandatory pre-screening by regulators starting last November. Regulators also said real estate, hotel, entertainment, film, sports club and other “irrational” overseas investments would be tightly monitored. In June it was learned Chinese bank regulators had told lenders to more strictly examine overseas investments by Dalian Wanda Group, HNA Group and three other major conglomerates.

    Good chance the inventories are ‘unwanted’ due to low sales as retail sales were a lot lower than expected:

    Highlights

    Wholesale inventories rose a sharp 0.7 percent in June in what was a wanted build given a likewise 0.7 percent rise in sales. The stock-to-sales ratio is unchanged at a lean 1.29. If there is an imbalance, it’s inventories of autos which rose 1.4 percent while sales fell 0.5 percent. Otherwise this a very positive report, pointing at the same time to sales growth and inventory growth.

    Inventories still look elevated to me:


    This is the sales chart they think is so good- still short of 2014 levels and this chart isn’t adjusted for inflation:

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    Employment, Trade, M2, Public employment, Rig count

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    More than the entire gain in civilian employment seems to have been via part time work:

    Highlights

    The second half of the year opens on a strong note as nonfarm payrolls rose 209,000 in July, far above Econoday’s consensus for 178,000. The unemployment rate moved 1 tenth lower to 4.3 percent while the participation rate rose 1 tenth to 62.9 percent, both solid positives. And a very strong positive is a 0.3 percent rise in average hourly earnings though the year-on-year rate, at 2.5 percent, failed to move higher. The workweek held steady at 34.5 hours.

    Factory payrolls are coming alive, up 16,000 in July following a 12,000 increase in June. This points to second-half momentum for manufacturing and is a positive wildcard for the economy in general. A similar standout is professional & business services, up 49,000, and within this temporary help services which rose 15,000. Gains here suggest that employers, pressed to find permanent staff, are turning to contractors to keep up with production. Government was a big factor in June, up 37,000, but was quiet in July at a gain of 4,000. Total revisions are a wash with nonfarm payrolls revised 9,000 higher in June and 7,000 lower in May.

    Employment has by far been the strongest factor in the economy and the strength in today’s report will firm conviction among Federal Reserve policy makers that increasing wage gains, and with this increasing inflation, are more likely to hit sooner than later.

    From the household survey:

    If there was a blemish in the month’s numbers, it came from the distribution of jobs to lower-income sectors. Job creation was strongly titled to part-time, which gained 393,000 positions, while full-time fell by 54,000.
    https://www.cnbc.com/2017/08/04/us-nonfarm-payrolls-july-2017.html

    No hint yet of this trend reversing:

    Highlights
    At $43.6 billion, the nation’s trade deficit came in below Econoday’s consensus for $44.4 billion which will prove a plus for second-quarter GDP revisions. The goods gap fell 3.2 percent to $65.3 billion (vs the advance reading of $63.9 billion) while the services surplus, which is the economy’s special strength, rose 2.9 percent to $21.6 billion.

    Exports show a bounce higher for capital goods despite a dip in aircraft. Exports of cars and food were also strong offsetting a decline for consumer goods. Imports of industrial supplies and within this crude oil fell as did imports of consumer goods. This helped offset a sharp rise in car imports. Imports of capital goods were flat.

    The trade gap with China widened nearly $1 billion in June to $32.6 billion and narrowed slightly with the EU to $12.5 billion. The gap with Japan also narrowed slightly, to $5.6 billion, and narrowed sharply with Mexico, by $1.3 billion to $6.0 billion. The gap with Canada also narrowed, to $0.6 billion.

    Except for the widening with China and weakness in consumer-goods exports, this is a positive report showing that cross-border trade ended the quarter with solid improvement.

    M2 includes bank deposits at the Fed and commercial banks, and as loans create deposits, it’s a proxy for bank loan growth. And while it is ‘distorted’ by QE most recently the Fed’s portfolio has be relatively constant. So note the same pattern of deceleration as with bank lending:

    So Trump is winning on this one- more new public sector workers than Obama! ;)

    The public sector grew during Mr. Carter’s term (up 1,304,000), during Mr. Reagan’s terms (up 1,414,000), during Mr. G.H.W. Bush’s term (up 1,127,000), during Mr. Clinton’s terms (up 1,934,000), and during Mr. G.W. Bush’s terms (up 1,744,000 jobs).

    However the public sector declined significantly while Mr. Obama was in office (down 268,000 jobs).

    During the first six months of Mr. Trump’s term, the economy has gained 47,000 public sector jobs.
    Read more at http://www.calculatedriskblog.com/#bXBCMVBXZXBLuHDB.99

    Rig counts seem to have leveled off at current prices. Yes, a bit more is being spent on drilling, and output is up, but oil related capital spending is nowhere near the 2014 growth in oil related spending that was subsequently lost:

    Highlights

    The Baker Hughes North American rig count is down 7 rigs in the August 4 week to 1,171, interrupting its upward climb for only the second time in the last 14 weeks. The U.S. count is down 4 rigs to 954 but is up 490 rigs from the same period last year. The Canadian count is down 3 rigs to 217 but is up 95 rigs from last year.

    For the U.S. count, rigs classified as drilling for oil are down 1 rig to 765 and gas rigs down 3 to 189. For the Canadian count, oil rigs are down 5 rigs to 124 but gas rigs are up 2 to 93.

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    Factory orders, ISM services, China investments, ISM NY

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    Up nicely but not so good excluding aircraft orders, which are highly volatile:

    Highlights

    Factory orders surged 3.0 percent in June but were skewed higher by a more than doubling in monthly aircraft orders. Excluding transportation equipment, a reading that excludes aircraft, orders actually fell 0.2 percent in the month following a 0.1 decline in May and no change in April. June orders for capital goods (nondefense ex-aircraft) were also weak, unchanged in the month.

    Shipments fell 0.2 percent while inventories rose 0.2 percent, lifting the inventory-to-shipment ratio to a less lean 1.38. A major positive in today’s report is a 1.3 percent surge in unfilled orders which had been flat but are now getting a lift from transportation equipment as well as capital goods industries including machinery and fabrications.

    Turning to nondurable goods, orders slipped 0.3 percent on declines for petroleum and coal. Aircraft are an important part of the factory sector and have been a big plus so far this year, yet outside aircraft the sector is still struggling to get in the air this year.

    This is not inflation adjusted and still well below the highs of the last cycle and below the 2014 highs:


    Less than expected as trumped up expectations fade further:

    Highlights

    Slowing is the call from ISM’s non-manufacturing sample where July results show their least strength since August last year. The composite index slowed by an abrupt 3.5 points in July to 53.9 with new orders down 5.4 points to 55.1 and business activity down 4.9 points to 55.9. Employment is also down, to 53.6 from 55.8 in a reading that does not point to acceleration for tomorrow’s employment report. But strength is still the clear message of this report with inventories rising, delivery times slowing and, very importantly, backlog orders still rising.

    Yet the July edition is a surprise for this report which is usually very consistent with the headline composite in the high to mid 50s and new orders and business activity in the low 60s. The contrast with this morning’s PMI services report is noticeable, one slowing and one accelerating, but the story of the two samples together is positive: moderate growth for the bulk of the economy.


    This could slow things down:

    China issues rules to curb state firms’ overseas investment risks

    Aug 3 (Reuters) — China’s giant SOEs have been leading the country’s “go out” drive with growing overseas investments, but they have encountered low returns on investment and weak profitability, the ministry said. The guidelines will help “strengthen financial management of overseas investment of state-owned enterprises, prevent financial risks and improve investment efficiency,” the ministry said. “The lack of accountability of senior executives for poor or failed investment is one of the reasons that lead to radical decision-making and loss-making deals,” Xu Baoli, director of the research centre at China’s state-owned assets regulator said.

    ISM NY:

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