Gasoline consumption up again


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We are still very close to the edge of available supply.

And the OPEC cuts are supporting Saudi efforts to bring price up without losing too much production.

Oil Surges 14 Percent on Lower-Than-Forecast Fuel Supply Gain

By Mark Shank

Dec. 31 (Bloomberg) — Crude oil rose, trimming a record annual decline, after a government report showed a smaller-than- expected gain in U.S. fuel stockpiles.

OPEC Production Cuts

Oil may rebound next year to average $60 a barrel as the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries makes record production cuts to counter the deepest economic slump since World War II, according to the median of estimates by 33 analysts surveyed by Bloomberg. That would be a 45 percent gain from today’s price.

Refineries operated at 82.5 percent of capacity last week, down 2.2 percentage points from the week before and the lowest since the period ended Oct. 10 when the Gulf Coast was recovering from hurricanes Gustav and Ike. Analysts forecast a 0.5 percentage-point increase.

Refiners often shut units for maintenance, also known as turnarounds, in late January and February as heating-oil demand falls and before gasoline use rises.

‘Ample Crude’

“We have ample crude-oil supplies and a minor surplus in supplies of the products,” said Peter Beutel, president of Cameron Hanover Inc., an energy consulting company in New Canaan, Connecticut. “If we have a heavy turnaround period, the surplus in products could soon turn into a deficit.”

U.S. fuel consumption during the four weeks ended Dec. 26 averaged 19.9 million barrels a day, down 3.7 percent from a year earlier, the report showed.

3.7% is tiny, and the year over year drop has been declining.

Demand has to be surprisingly high given the extreme weakness of the US economy.

And while the lower prices are helping sustain demand, demand never did fall off that much.


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Fed MBS Purchase Plan


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These quotes are not from Warren:

Yesterday the Fed announced that it will be starting its $500b Agency MBS Purchase Plan in early January. The mortgage market has been waiting for some clarity on this issue since it was first announced on Nov-26th.

Although mortgage dollar prices are high, mortgage valuations are still wide, (OAS levels, Static Spread to Swaps, Cumulative performance vs. Hedges, etc…see attached .pdfs). Mortgages typically perform well at the start of the year as banks and other real-money investors create a January effect for the sector. Yesterday’s late-day announcement should kick-start this process and I expect the basis to perform well over the next couple weeks.

Below is the FAQ from the NYFed Website:

My bulletpoints are:

  • The agency MBS program will involve the outright purchase of up to $500 billion in agency MBS by the investment managers on behalf of the Federal Reserve by the end of the second quarter of 2009.
  • Purchases will be guided by commonly referenced market indices. (AW – this means that the managers are suppose to buy the representative index – NOT just the coupons closest to par – see table at end of email for the current coupon distribution).
  • Purchases are expected to begin in early January, 2009.
  • The investment managers will be required to purchase securities frequently and to disclose the Federal Reserve as principal.
  • The investment managers are BlackRock Inc., Goldman Sachs Asset Management, PIMCO and Wellington Management Company, LLP.
  • The program does not include CMOs, REMICs, Trust IOs/Trust POs and other mortgage derivatives or cash equivalents. (AW – and does include Hybrid ARMs or Private Label Fixed Rate securities)
  • The investment strategy may involve the use of dollar rolls as a supplemental tool to smooth market supply and demand.
  • The Federal Reserve’s agency MBS program is separate and distinct from the U.S. Treasury’s program but both programs are aimed at fostering improved conditions in mortgage markets.
  • Each investment manager will be required to implement ethical walls that appropriately segregate the investment management team that implements the Federal Reserve’s agency MBS program from other advisory and proprietary trading activities of the firm

FAQs: MBS Purchase Program

The following frequently asked questions (FAQs) provide further information about the program to purchase agency mortgage-backed securities (agency MBS) that was announced by the Federal Reserve on November 25, 2008. This agency MBS program will be managed at the direction of the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York (New York Fed). The New York Fed has selected four investment managers to help implement the agency MBS program.

Effective December 30, 2008

General

What is the policy objective of the Federal Reserve’s program to purchase agency mortgage-backed securities?
The goal of the program is to provide support to mortgage and housing markets and to foster improved conditions in financial markets more generally.

Why is it necessary for the Federal Reserve to transact in the agency MBS market via external investment managers?
The operational and financial characteristics of MBS purchases are significantly more complicated than those associated with the assets that have traditionally been purchased by the Federal Reserve. The Federal Reserve has chosen external investment managers as a means of implementing the MBS program quickly and efficiently while at the same time minimizing operational and financial risks.

Because of the size and complexity of the agency MBS program, a competitive request for proposal (RFP) process was employed to select four investment managers and a custodian. The investment managers are BlackRock Inc., Goldman Sachs Asset Management, PIMCO and Wellington Management Company, LLP. The selection criteria were based on the institution’s operational capacity, size, overall experience in the MBS market and a competitive fee structure. The contract for a custodian is not yet final.

What securities are eligible for purchase under the program?
Only fixed-rate agency MBS securities guaranteed by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and Ginnie Mae are eligible assets for the program. The program includes, but is not limited to, 30-year, 20-year and 15-year securities of these issuers. The program does not include CMOs, REMICs, Trust IOs/Trust POs and other mortgage derivatives or cash equivalents. Eligible assets may be purchased or sold in specified pools, in “to be announced” (TBA) transactions, and in the dollar roll market.

What is the investment strategy that will be employed?
Investment managers will employ a passive buy and hold investment strategy in accordance with investment guidelines prescribed by the Federal Reserve. Purchases will be guided by commonly referenced market indices. The agency MBS program will involve the outright purchase of up to $500 billion in agency MBS by the investment managers on behalf of the Federal Reserve by the end of the second quarter of 2009. The New York Fed will adjust the pace of its purchases based on input from the investment managers about market conditions and the impact of the program. The investment managers will be required to purchase securities frequently and to disclose the Federal Reserve as principal.

The investment strategy may involve the use of dollar rolls as a supplemental tool to smooth market supply and demand. A dollar roll is a transaction involving the sale of agency MBS for delivery in the current month and the simultaneous agreement to repurchase substantially similar (although not the same) securities on a specified future date.

Does the agency MBS program expose the Federal Reserve to increased risk of losses?
Assets purchased under this program are fully guaranteed as to principal and interest by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, and Ginnie Mae, so the Federal Reserve’s exposure to the credit risk of the underlying mortgages is minimal. The market valuation of agency MBS can fluctuate over time based on the interest rate environment; however, the Federal Reserve’s exposure to interest rate risk is mitigated by the conservative, buy and hold investment strategy of the agency MBS purchase program.

When will the purchases begin?
Purchases are expected to begin in early January, 2009.

Who will the investment managers trade with and who is eligible to sell agency MBS to the Federal Reserve under the program?
Initially, the investment managers will trade only with primary dealers who are eligible to transact directly with the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. Primary dealers are encouraged to submit offers for themselves and for their customers.

Will the agency MBS held by the Federal Reserve through this program be eligible for lending through the Treasury Securities Lending Facility (TSLF) or the daily System Open Market Account (SOMA) securities lending operations conducted by the New York Fed?
There are no plans for the agency MBS held by the SOMA to be available for borrowing through the TSLF or the daily securities lending program.

How will purchases under the agency MBS program be financed?
Purchases will be financed through the creation of additional bank reserves.

What is the legal basis for the agency MBS purchase program?
Purchases of agency MBS in the open market, under the direction of the FOMC, are permitted under section 14(b) of the Federal Reserve Act.

How is the Federal Reserve’s agency MBS purchase program related to the U.S. Treasury’s efforts to purchase agency MBS?
The Federal Reserve’s agency MBS program is separate and distinct from the U.S. Treasury’s program but both programs are aimed at fostering improved conditions in mortgage markets.

How will holdings under the agency MBS program be reported?
Balance sheet items related to the agency MBS purchase program will be reported after settlement occurs on the H.4.1. statistical release titled “Factors Affecting Reserve Balances of Depository Institutions and Condition Statement of Federal Reserve Banks.” There will be an explanatory cover note on the release when the new items appear for the first time. However, these data may be published well after trade execution due to agency MBS settlement conventions. In addition, the New York Fed will publish the SOMA agency MBS activity in more detail on its external website on a weekly basis.

What measures will the Federal Reserve take to ensure that an investment manager implementing the MBS program will not have an unfair advantage relative to other market participants due to the information it receives about the MBS program?
Each investment manager will be required to implement ethical walls that appropriately segregate the investment management team that implements the Federal Reserve’s agency MBS program from other advisory and proprietary trading activities of the firm. The New York Fed will monitor each investment manager’s compliance with this requirement.

Where should questions regarding the MBS purchase program be directed?
Questions regarding the MBS program should be directed to the New York Fed’s Public Affairs department: 212-720-6130.

Barclays MBS Index Coupon Composition, (formerly Lehman MBS Index):

Note that FN4.5’s only make up 3% of the index. And as of Nov08 there were only 682mm in Fannie and Freddie 4.0’s in the index, (doesn’t even show up in the table).

Barclays MBS Index Coupon Composition, (formerly Lehman MBS Index)

Index Weightings
Weight Dollar
Security Notional Dv01 Duration %
30yr 4.5’s 80,214,746 2.73 21,893 3%
30yr 5.0’s 742,379,086 1.89 140,298 21%
30 yr 5.5’s 1,269,364,289 1.53 194,428 29%
30yr 6.0’s 916,825,242 1.45 132,649 20%
30yr 6.5’s 285,236,709 1.73 49,275 7%
30yr > 85,527,469 2.09 17,844 3%
30 YRS 84%
15yr 4.0’s 46,683,356 2.20 10,282 2%
15yr 4.5’s 181,841,523 1.82 33,116 5%
15yr 5.0’s 181,468,076 1.53 27,765 4%
15yr 5.5’s 85,474,092 1.40 11,984 2%
15yr 6.0’s 39,301,895 1.47 5,786 1%
15yr > 6,464,359 1.81 1,171 0%
15 YRS 14%
20yrs 124,911,590 1.55 19,322 3%
20YRS 3%
TOTAL 4,045,692,432 1.65 665,812 100%


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Posted in Fed

2009-01-02 USER


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ISM Manufacturing (Dec)

Survey 35.4
Actual 32.4
Prior 36.2
Revised n/a

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ISM Prices Paid (Dec)

Survey 20.0
Actual 18.0
Prior 25.5
Revised n/a

 
Karim writes:

  • Weaker than expected across the board. Prices paid and production data imply further sharp falls in CPI and GDP in period ahead.
  • Export orders data and anecdotals on Europe and Asia imply the same for rest of G3.

Pretty much sums up what happened in December in general.


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2008-12-31 USER


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Karim writes:

  • The conference board survey of labor conditions (jobs plentiful less jobs hard to get) has been a good leading indicator of payrolls and worsened in December from -28.4 to -35.8.
  • The ABC survey also worsened last week despite the further decline in gas prices, suggesting the labor market continues to deteriorate.

MBA Mortgage Applications (Dec 26)

Survey n/a
Actual 0.0%
Prior 48.0%
Revised n/a

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MBA Purchasing Applications (Dec 26)

Survey n/a
Actual 320.90
Prior 316.50
Revised n/a

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MBA Refinancing Applications (Dec 26)

Survey n/a
Actual 6733.80
Prior 6758.60
Revised n/a

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Initial Jobless Claims (Dec 27)

Survey 575K
Actual 492K
Prior 586K
Revised n/a

 
Karim writes:

  • Initial claims fall 94k to 492k but Labor Dept states data probably skewed by holidays and auto shutdowns

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Continuing Claims (Dec 20)

Survey 4400K
Actual 4506K
Prior 4370K
Revised 4366K

 
Karim writes:

  • Continuing claims, reported with a 1 week lag to initial claims, rose 140k to a new cycle high of 4506k.

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Jobless Claims ALLX (Dec 27)

 
Karim writes:

  • Would expect payroll decline for December to be larger than last month’s 533k drop (market expects slight improvement to -475k).

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NAPM Milwaukee (Dec)

Survey n/a
Actual 30
Prior 35
Revised n/a


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Senate Minority Leader McConnell to obstruct fiscal adjustment?


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McConnell Urges Caution in Debate on Economic Stimulus Measure

Dec. 29 (Bloomberg) — Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell said he wants to slow consideration of the economic stimulus package Democrats are drafting, warning that the measure sought by President-elect Barack Obama invites wasteful spending.

“A trillion-dollar spending bill would be the largest spending bill in the history of our country at a time when our national debt is already the largest in history,” McConnell, a Kentucky Republican, said in a statement. “As a result, it will require tough scrutiny and oversight. Taxpayers, already stretched to the limit, deserve nothing less.”

McConnell called for giving lawmakers and the public at least one week to review the legislation once it has been written. He also said he wanted Senate committee hearings on the measure, rather than immediate floor consideration.

His demand, in a Senate where minority Republicans will still have the power to block legislation, could stall a drive by Democrats to approve legislation soon after Obama’s Jan. 20 inauguration.


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Re: Sector financial balances and fiscal stimulus


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(email exchange)

Good stuff, thanks!

(Of course, I prefer to say ‘removal of fiscal drag’ rather than ‘fiscal stimulus!’ )

>   
>   On Tue, Dec 30, 2008 at 3:17 PM, Scott wrote:
>   
>   FYI . . . looking at the data on the sector financial balances for
>   Q1, Q2, and Q3 of 2008. All data are in $billions and are in
>   annualized nominal terms:
>   
>   
>    Sector: Q1 Q2 Q3
>    Household -195 110 24
>    Total Prvt -135 176 106
>    Fed Govt -346 -666 -544
>    Total Public -558 -899 -815
>   
>   Note that in Q2, the -300 change in the fed govt balance is
>   almost exactly equal to the +300 change in HH sector
>   balance. Biz sector in Q2 actually reduced net saving a bit,
>   which is what it normally does when sales/profits improve
>   (expand capacity, etc.). Note also that Q2 was when real
>   GDP was over 2%, up from 0% previously. So . . . clearly the
>   stimulus “worked” in that it improved HH balance sheets
>   while raising real GDP growth. Only problem was that the
>   stimulus wasn’t large enough and didn’t last long enough,
>   Note that smaller Fed govt deficit in Q3 corresponds to
>   smaller HH balance and slower real GDP growth in that
>   quarter.
>   
>   HH sector had been retrenching since 2006:3, when balance
>   peaked at -478B. Fed govt high was -176B in 2006:4, and
>   had been going into further deficit thereafter, so this is “the
>   hard way” you talk about in which automatic stabilizers offset
>   the slowdown, albeit not nearly enough as real GDP growth
>   deteriorated. The Q2 stimulus package was a clear “jolt” that
>   corresponds to “the easy way” of stabilization via direct fiscal
>   intervention and greater real GDP growth than otherwise,
>   albeit not nearly enough, again.
>   
>   Anyone thinking that fiscal policy doesn’t “work” needs to
>   explain this data combined with quarterly real GDP growth.
>   
>   Scott
>   


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Yield Curve


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>   
>   from: Warren Mosler
>   to: CNBC
>   
>   The long end is higher than ‘equilibrium’ due to the Treasury
>   issuing longer term paper.
>   
>   This adversely alters investment and price signals.
>   
>   When the Fed buys it the curve returns to where it would
>   have been if the government had stayed out of it in the first
>   place.
>   
>   


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2008-12-30 USER


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ICSC UBS Store Sales YoY (-)

Survey
Actual
Prior
Revised

 
Sinking.

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ICSC UBS Store Sales WoW (-)

Survey
Actual
Prior
Revised

 
Falling back, even with low fuel prices.

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Redbook Store Sales Weekly YoY (-)

Survey
Actual
Prior
Revised

 
Still way down.

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Redbook Store Sales MoM (-)

Survey
Actual
Prior
Revised

 
Still negative.

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ICSC UBS Redbook Comparison TABLE (-)

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S&P CS Composite 20 YoY (-)

Survey
Actual
Prior
Revised

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S&P Case Shiller Home Price Index (-)

Survey
Actual
Prior
Revised

 
Still heading south as foreclosures continue to take their toll.

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S&P Case Shiller US Home Price Index (-)

Survey
Actual
Prior
Revised

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S&P Case Shiller US Home Price Index YoY (-)

Survey
Actual
Prior
Revised

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Chicago Purchasing Manager (-)

Survey
Actual
Prior
Revised

 
Remains very low.

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Consumer Confidence (-)

Survey
Actual
Prior
Revised

 
Not much to be confident about.

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Consumer Confidence ALLX 1 (-)

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Consumer Confidence ALLX 2 (-)


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