2008-03-27 JN Highlights

Highlights:

Fukuda Offers To Free Up Road Revenues For General Spending From FY09

Adds to aggregate demand.

MOF Frets Over Yen, But No Threat Of Action

Don’t want Paulson to call them a currency manipulator.

Suda: Natural For BOJ To Aim For Rate Hike

They see inflation heating up over time.

Some Gas Stations Raise Prices Ahead Of Expiring Surcharge
Toyota, Nissan To Raise Entry-Level Pay For College Graduates
Bonds: End Up On Weak Stocks: CPI, Tankan Eyed

Article:

Bonds: End Up On Weak Stocks: CPI, Tankan Eyed

TOKYO (Dow Jones)–Japanese government bonds ended higher Thursday due to weakness in Tokyo stocks but the upside was limited ahead of the fiscal-year end and major domestic events.

Market participants are now waiting for domestic economic data, including the consumer price index due out Friday, and the Bank of Japan’s quarterly tankan survey on April 1.

“If the CPI figure comes out better than market expectations (and tops 1%), BOJ rate cut views may slightly recede,” said Naomi Hasegawa, senior strategist at Mitsubishi UFJ Securities.

Note the rhetoric that states higher inflation is ‘better’ !!!

I still have a TIBOR short a year out as a bet they don’t cut as much as is priced in.

Japan’s nationwide core CPI, excluding fresh food, is expected to have risen 0.9% on year in February, according to economists surveyed by Dow Jones and Nikkei. The index climbed 0.8% in January. The five-year yield dropped 3.0 basis points to 0.725%. Yields on 10-year and 20-year JGBs were both down 1.0 basis point at 1.265% and 2.010% respectively.

Bloomberg: Calpers to Increase Commodity Assets to as Much as $7.2 Billion

And 3% of assets is on the low side. I think most were targeting 4% allocations, and now I’m hearing some are moving north of 10%, which should keep the commodities going for quite a while.

Calpers to Increase Commodity Assets to as Much as $7.2 Bil

by Saijel Kishan

(Bloomberg) The California Public Employees’ Retirement System, the largest U.S. pension fund, will increase investment in commodities to as much as $7.2 billion in the next two years as raw materials prices surge to records.

Calpers, which has $240 billion in assets, agreed at a Feb. 19 board meeting to invest between 0.5 percent and 3 percent of its assets in commodities through 2010, said Clark McKinley, a spokesman for the Sacremento, California-based fund.

“We plan on ramping up the program by hiring additional staff,” he said by phone yesterday. “We are excited about commodities, which have performed exceptionally well for us.”

The fund in March invested $450 million in commodities, its first such investment, by tracking the Standard & Poor’s GSCI index of 24 commodities. The index has returned 10 percent so far this year, adding to a 33 percent gain in 2007, as oil rose above $100 a barrel and wheat breached $13 a bushel for the first time. Gold and platinum also climbed to all-time highs.

Calpers, which covers the benefits of more than 1.5 million California state and local government employees, will set the proportion of assets invested in commodities “depending on market opportunities,” McKinley said.

The fund plans to allow its staff to actively manage some of its commodity investments this year, he added.

Bank of France says Fed overreacted to market decline

Interesting they would take a shot like that at the Fed. Probably concerned about Euro strength and the US gaining export share.

Bank of France Says Fed Overreacted to Market Decline

By Francois de Beaupuy

(Bloomberg) The Bank of France said the U.S. Federal Reserve may have cut interest rates too much and too quickly in response to financial-market declines.

An unsigned article in the Paris-based bank’s monthly bulletin, published today, said new financial products have amplified asset price swings.

That may lead to “stronger monetary reactions than what would otherwise be necessary, as shown by the recent decision of the Federal Reserve,” the article said.

The unusual criticism by one central bank of another may reflect the European Central Bank’s reluctance to follow its U.S. and U.K. counterparts in cutting rates to cushion against an economic slowdown. The ECB left its benchmark rate at 4 percent this month even as growth prospects deteriorate.

“The Bank of France is simply going along the ECB line, trying to manage expectations away from any response similar to the Fed,” said Gareth Claase, an economist at Royal Bank of Scotland Plc in London. “The Fed moved quickly and far. The ECB is likely to move slowly and little.”

The Fed has lowered its benchmark rate by 2.25 percentage points since September to 3 percent — including a three-quarter point emergency cut on Jan 22 — and traders expect another reduction next month.

‘Unusually High’
German Finance Minister Peer Steinbrueck said Feb. 12 he didn’t see ECB Bank President Jean-Claude Trichet shifting to a neutral stance, which might be a prelude to cutting rates. At a press conference last week, Trichet said uncertainty about growth prospects is “unusually high,” prompting traders to raise bets on a rate cut.

“Pressure on the ECB increased after the massive Fed rate cuts,” said Michael Schubert, an economist at Commerzbank AG in Frankfurt. “The ECB has said that it won’t act anytime soon. It doesn’t want to be driven by the Fed.”

German investor confidence unexpectedly increased this month, a sign the European economy can weather the U.S. slowdown.

“It’s unusual for central banks to criticize the actions of others,” said Dominic Bryant, an economist at BNP Paribas in London. “The U.S. is in recession, so it’s somewhat difficult to say the Fed overreacted.”


2008-02-14 JN Highlights

News Headlines:

Japan Economy Grows 3.7%, Twice as Fast as Expected
Oct-Dec GDP Grows Annual 3.7% On Brisk Domestic, External Demand
Consumer Sentiment Fell For 4th Straight Month In Jan
Dec Revised Industrial Output Rises 1.4%
MOF Tsuda: GDP Confirms Recovery Despite Some Weakness
GDP COMMENT: Consumer Confidence Key To Future Growth

Seems to have done just fine last quarter without consumer confidence.


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Es el momento de comprar acciones en Wall Street

I don’t speak sufficient spanish to know how this reads.

Comments welcome!

WARREN MOSLER, UN ECONOMISTA SINGULAR

“Es el momento de comprar acciones en Wall Street”

Mosler es a la vez un típico financista que administra fondos de inversión y un pensador poskeynesiano que fabrica autos deportivos. En la peor semana de la crisis financiera de Estados Unidos, Página/12 lo entrevistó para conocer un análisis distinto.

Subnotas

Por Marcelo Zlotogwiazda

Warren Mosler sostiene que Estados Unidos no está en recesión, pronostica que los precios de las materias primas agrícolas seguirán subiendo y recomienda comprar acciones en Wall Street porque están muy baratas. Mosler es un personaje exótico y multifacético. Por un lado es un típico financista con una larga trayectoria en el manejo de fondos de inversión que hoy sigue en el negocio haciendo operaciones por su cuenta o asesorando a clientes con abultado capital desde la sede que su firma, Valance Co., tiene en la paradisíaca isla de St. Croix (la más grande de las caribeñas Islas Vírgenes), donde Mosler vive. Por otra parte, Mosler aporta bastante dinero y dedicación a centros de estudio e investigación en economía que él mismo creó, con la particularidad de que se trata de ámbitos heterodoxos y postkeynesianos afines a su pensamiento. Incluso suele invitar a economistas de varias partes del mundo a reuniones en St. Croix, en Nueva York o en el sofisticado centro de esquí de Aspen, para discutir sobre política o teoría económica.

Uno de los privilegiados asistentes a esos encuentros fue el argentino Daniel Kostzer, invitado en el año 2000 cuando trabajaba para el gobierno de la Alianza (luego integró el equipo de Carlos Tomada en el Ministerio de Trabajo y actualmente es coordinador de área en el Programa de las Naciones Unidas para el Desarrollo) en los borradores de lo que luego sería el Plan Jefes y Jefas, del cual Mosler se convirtió en un enfático admirador. Mosler también se da el gusto de tener su propia fábrica a escala artesanal del auto superdeportivo MT900 de última tecnología, que algunos adquieren sólo para movilizarse y otros como autos de carrera que, según cuenta Mosler con orgullo, ya acumulan varios triunfos.

–¿Estados Unidos está en recesión, como afirman varios economistas?

–Por ahora no hay evidencia en ese sentido. El empleo se mantiene firme y el Producto Bruto está en terreno positivo.

–¿Pero con el Producto Bruto creciendo muy poco y los commodities subiendo, hay por delante un escenario de estanflación (estancamiento con inflación)?

–Los precios sí están subiendo, así que es bastante probable que tengamos inflación. Pero no hay por qué dar por cierto el hecho de que el crecimiento se desacelere tanto como para extinguirse. O sea que podemos tener estanflación o simplemente una clásica inflación con crecimiento.

–¿Qué opina del anuncio de un plan de estímulo fiscal por parte del presidente Bush, y de la rebaja de la tasa de interés por parte del titular de la Reserva Federal, Ben Bernanke?

–Debe ser la primera vez en la historia que un presidente de Banco Central empuja al gobierno a incrementar el déficit presupuestario. Y teniendo en cuenta que es un año electoral, se puede esperar que el presidente y el Congreso obedezcan con una expansión fiscal relativamente importante.

–Tiene la apariencia de una reacción keynesiana frente a la crisis. Como decía Nixon, “ahora todos somos keynesianos”.

–Es así.

–Pero Estados Unidos acumula varios años de déficit fiscal.

–Sobre eso hago dos comentarios. El primero es que el actual déficit equivale a un poquito más que el 1 por ciento del PBI, lo que es muy poco y, en mi opinión, eso contribuyó a generar la crisis financiera. El déficit hace que el sector privado tenga más activos financieros para sostener toda la estructura crediticia, por lo cual una contracción del déficit puede afectar al sistema financiero, que es lo que acaba de suceder. El segundo es que el problema es la inflación externa provocada por el comportamiento de los sauditas con el petróleo, pero ésa es una inflación de costos, no de demanda. Está claro que estimular la demanda no va a bajar la inflación, pero hacer lo contrario sería peor.

–Algunos sostienen que el resto del mundo está más desenganchado o desacoplado que antes de lo que pasa en Estados Unidos. ¿Coincide?

–No. Las exportaciones netas del resto del mundo a los Estados Unidos ascienden a 650.000 millones de dólares por año, lo que equivale a alrededor del 2 por ciento del PBI del resto del mundo. Por lo tanto, cualquier cambio en la demanda de Estados Unidos va a alterar la demanda mundial.

–¿Qué pronostica para el precio de los commodities, y en particular de la soja, el maíz y el trigo?

–En la medida que se siga subsidiando a las materias primas que constituyen la oferta de alimentos para convertirlas en combustible para los vehículos, es probable que los precios sigan subiendo.

–¿Tiene alguna opinión sobre la política económica argentina?

–Creo que si se reabre el Plan Jefas y Jefes eso va a contribuir a expandir la oferta laboral disponible, lo que le facilitaría al sector privado poder satisfacer una mayor demanda de productos con la menor inflación posible. En mi visita a la Argentina tuve la posibilidad de conocer varios proyectos vinculados al Plan Jefas y Jefes, y me llevé una muy buena impresión. Vi gente que tenía ganas y necesidad de trabajar y que producía cosas útiles y que en muchos casos era contratada por empresas privadas. Siempre sostuve que el sector privado prefiere emplear gente que tiene empleo antes que desocupados, con lo cual el Plan facilitó el crecimiento de las empresas. Estoy convencido de que todos los países deberían ofrecer empleo público ilimitado para cualquiera que esté en condiciones de trabajar.

–¿En qué recomienda invertir?

–En la compra de acciones en bolsa de Estados Unidos; ¡están muy baratas! Pero hay que tener en cuenta que los precios van a ser volátiles, especialmente si la Reserva Federal se pone a luchar contra la inflación.

–¿Afectó la crisis a su fábrica de autos?

–Sólo vendemos veinte autos por año, que es todo lo que podemos fabricar. Y soy muy eficiente y competitivo. Construyo autos capaces de ganar carreras, si el dueño se decide a correr. De hecho, en estos momentos hay alrededor de veinte MT900 compitiendo en Europa y ganando varias carreras.

–¿Cómo se define como economista?

–Trato de vincular toda la retórica de economistas con el mundo real. Por algún motivo la prensa masiva pasa por alto los denominados “fundamentals”, las variables fundamentales, y les da a los números y a la retórica de los economistas una vida y un sentido en sí mismos. Por ejemplo, con un poco de razonamiento todos los economistas deberían acordar que en un régimen de tipo de cambio flotante y monedas convertibles, las exportaciones son costos reales para la economía (algo que costó producir y no se “disfruta”), mientras que las importaciones son beneficios reales (algo de que se dispone sin haber hecho esfuerzos). Sin embargo, estos mismos economistas aplauden los superávits y critican los déficits del intercambio como problemas o desbalances. Si la mayoría de los economistas tuviese claras ese tipo de cuestiones simples, no me hubiese preocupado por la economía.

–¿Cuál es su candidato preferido? ¿Algún demócrata o tal vez el republicano John McCain?

–No voy a votar a ninguno que quiera equilibrar el presupuesto. McCain quiere balancear el presupuesto mediante recortes en impuestos y en gastos, y los demócratas lo quieren hacer con aumentos de impuestos. Por lo tanto, creo que McCain haría el menor daño, pero daño al fin.

zlotogwiazda@hotmail.com

© 2000-2008 www.pagina12.com.ar | República Argentina | Todos los Derechos Reservados


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Caterpillar report – what export economies look like

Caterpillar Sees ‘Definite Threat’ of US Recession

(CNBC)Caterpillar’s fourth-quarter earnings rose more than 10 percent, helped by strong sales to mining, energy and construction customers outside the United States, but the company warned it sees a recession as a “definite threat” to the U.S. economy.

The Peoria, Ill. company, which is often seen as an economic indicator, said it has been seeing “anemic growth” in the U.S. economy.

Total GDP is domestic demand plus export demand. They are seeing weak growth in domestic demand and strong export demand. And that’s exactly what has been keeping US GDP relatively high and more than making up for the lost output in the housing sector. So far.

“Over time, weakness in the economy has spread from housing to nonresidential construction and more recently to employment and manufacturing,” Caterpillar said in a press release announcing its results. “A recession is defined as a broad downturn in the economy, a development that seems to be taking place.”

However, Caterpillar predicted that fast-growing sales overseas would permit it to meet its 2008 sales and earnings forecasts even if a recession does materialize.

Exactly the same point.

The company continues to expect earnings per share will rise between 5 percent and 15 percent from its 2007 profit of $5.37 a share, while revenue will grow between 5 percent and 10 percent from $45 billion.

Caterpillar predicted 2008 would be another tough year for the U.S. residential housing market — a key customer for its earth-moving machines — and predicted “recessionary conditions to persist” in other key markets.

It said it expected housing starts to decline to 1.1 million units, down from 1.35 million in 2007, and said new problems would roil the property market, including “a high level of mortgage resets, an increase in home repossessions and the likelihood of a significant decrease in home prices.”

They must be watching CNBC.

Overall, Caterpillar is expecting North America to be its weakest growth region this year, but sales should be flat to slightly higher than a year ago.

Flat to slightly higher domestic demand with rising exports isn’t what a recession looks like.


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Falling default credit crisis

The jobless recovery morphed into the full employment recession characterized by falling credit defaults:

Global loan defaults down in 2007 but expected to rise in 2008

(Thomson Financial) Twenty issuers defaulted on 2.9 bln usd in syndicated bank loans in 2007, down from 32 issuers and 6.3 bln usd in loans in 2006, Moody’s Investors Service said in a new report. Movie Gallery Inc’s default on 900 mln usd in loans in September was the largest loan default in 2007, as well as the only loan defaulter rated by Moody’s.

“Both weaker macroeconomic fundamentals and a worsening in the ratings mix of speculative-grade issuers are the underlying factors driving the 2008 default rate forecasts,” said a Moody’s spokesman.

Doesn’t say which macro fundamentals.

Mirroring the benign credit environment for syndicated bank loans, the dollar volume of Moody’s rated corporate bond defaults also decreased in 2007, says the analyst.

In all, a total of 16 Moody’s-rated issuers defaulted on approximately 4.7 bln in debt in 2007, compared with 27 corporate issuers that defaulted on 7.8 bln usd in 2006.

Given the relatively strong historical correlation between speculative-grade bond and loan default rates, Moody’s expects that the speculative-grade U.S. loan default rate will increase to approximately 3.0 pct from its current 0.1 pct by the end of 2008.

They may have also based the downgrades on recession fears for 2008.

There may be a sharp slowdown coming, but not here yet.

And if it does happen, it won’t last long with all the net federal spending in the pipeline..


THE ECB HAS A SINGLE MANDATE, INFLATION, WITH NO INCENTIVE TO DEVIATE

Not to mention my bent is inflation and growth are, at best, very weak functions of interest rates, and they work mostly through the cost side, but that’s another story – see ‘MANDATORY READINGS‘.

ECB’s Weber Says Interest Rates ‘Accommodative’, Dismisses Cut Bets

by John Fraher and Andreas Scholz

(Bloomberg) European Central Bank council member Axel Weber said interest rates in the euro region are still “accommodative” and investors’ expectations of reductions later this year may be “wishful thinking.”

“We have a positive economic outlook and as long as that doesn’t change I would say that rates are still on the accommodative side and in no way restrictive,” Weber said in an interview with Bloomberg Television in Davos, Switzerland, at the World Economic Forum’s annual meeting.


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Mortgage applications soar

Home loan demand surges to near four-year high

By Julie Haviv

(Reuters) U.S. mortgage applications surged last week, with demand hitting its highest in nearly four years as interest rates plunged, an industry group said on Wednesday.

The Mortgage Bankers Association said its seasonally adjusted index of mortgage applications, which includes both purchase and refinance loans, for the week ended January 11 surged 28.4 percent to 906.4, its highest since the week ended April 2, 2004.

Borrowing costs on 30-year fixed-rate mortgages, excluding fees, averaged 5.62 percent, down 0.11 percentage point from the previous week, and its lowest since the week ended July 1, 2005, when they stood at 5.58 percent.

Interest rates were below year-ago levels at 6.19 percent.

Douglas Duncan, chief economist at the MBA, said the robust data offers a glimmer of hope for housing.

“When consumers see an opportunity, no matter how pessimistic they might be, they take it,” he said. “It will improve the underlying state of the industry and the longer rates stay down, the more people will take advantage of the opportunity, so that is a good thing.”

Mortgage rates have fallen along with U.S. Treasury yields. The benchmark 10-year U.S. Treasury note yield fell below 3.68 percent on Tuesday, its lowest since July 2003 as stocks plunged and expectations of aggressive interest rate cuts from the Federal Reserve rose. Yields move inversely to price.

Overall mortgage applications last week were 35.9 percent above their year-ago level. The four-week moving average of mortgage applications, which smoothes the volatile weekly figures, was up 10.1 percent to 687.5.

Fixed 15-year mortgage rates averaged 5.07 percent, down from 5.21 percent the previous week. Rates on one-year adjustable-rate mortgages (ARMs) decreased to 5.77 percent from 6.04 percent.

Demand Surges

The MBA’s seasonally adjusted purchase index, widely considered a timely gauge of new home sales, jumped 11.4 percent to 461.2, its highest since the week ended December 7, 2007. The index came in above its year-earlier level of 439.7, a rise of 4.9 percent.

Demand for home loan refinancing surged last week as the group’s seasonally adjusted index of refinancing applications skyrocketed 43.4 percent to 3,575.5, its highest since the week ended April 2, 2004. The index was up 74.8 percent from its year-ago level of 2,045.8.

The refinance share of applications increased to 62.7 percent from 57.7 percent the previous week. The ARM share of activity edged down to 9.2 percent from 9.3 percent.

“This time of the year you always have to be careful about weather patterns and other factors,” Duncan said. “I really think this is, at least in some instances, evidence that with mortgage rates dropping and house prices having leveled off or fallen in some places, there is an improvement in affordability underway.”

This week ushers in other key data gauging the state of the hard-hit U.S. housing market.

The National Association of Home Builders will release its January NAHB/Wells Fargo Housing Market Index on Wednesday and the Commerce Department will release data on December housing starts on Thursday.


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Indexing French wages

A bit of structural inflation being introduced:

Sarkozy Plans to Index Civil Servants’ Salaries to Inflation

by Helene Fouquet and Francois de Beaupuy

(Bloomberg) French President Nicolas Sarkozy said he’d index civil servants’ salaries to inflation and make good on unpaid overtime hours to improve their purchasing power.

“It’s a fact that some civil servants have lost some purchasing power in recent years,” Sarkozy said today in a speech to civil servants in the northern city of Lille. “We’re going to introduce a purchasing power guarantee” to ensure that pay increases match “at least the inflation rate.”

He reiterated that he wants to reduce the number of civil servants and to use half of the savings for pay raises.