China cuts rates, Atlanta Fed, car sale comment, Greek PM comments

As the carpenter said about his piece of wood, ‘no matter how much I cut off it’s still too short’:

China’s central bank cut its benchmark lending rates by 25 basis points to 4.85 percent on Saturday, the fourth reduction since November, as it gears up to lower borrowing costs and support a slowing economy.

The People’s Bank of China (PBOC) also reduced one-year benchmark deposit rates by 25 basis points to 2 percent, it said in a statement on its website, adding that the reductions would take effect on Sunday.

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Yes, car sales are up a bit, but seems import content is growing so it’s working against US GDP and employment?

Number of ‘American-made’ autos drops to new low

By Phil LeBeau

So why would the Prime Minister do this?

The Greek banks are ECB members, regulated and supervised by the ECB, with liquidity provided by the ECB. Should liquidity end, the ECB via the Bank of Greece simply stops making payments on that bank’s behalf. And why close the banks and prevent them from performing ongoing bank services that don’t require ECB liquidity, should it not be available as needed? Just more evidence that the Greek leaders aren’t playing with a full deck, so to speak…

Greek PM calls for bank closures, capital controls

By Phillip Tutt

June 29 (CNBC) —Despite a tweet from Greek Finance Minister Yanis Varoufakis that his government “opposed the very concept” of any controls, Greek Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras said later Sunday that he had forced the country’s central bank to recommend a bank holiday and capital controls.

Existing home sales, Chicago Fed, Greece

Up some but still at depressed levels, and not enough to indicate a general bounce in spending. Personally I sold come small condos in Chicago I’d owned since working there in the early 1980’s. I got tired of fooling with them, net rental income was low, and prices weren’t going anywhere, And I still have 2 nice houses for sale, one in Jupiter Farms, another outside of Orlando, that haven’t sold yet and are priced well below 2007 levels. They are reconditioned foreclosures from the portfolio of the bank I sold 2 years ago.

So activity is up some, prices are up but not to replacement cost and also because to some extent the bid hitting from distressed selling has subsided. And there also could have been a few sales in front of the anticipated rise in rates, as often happens.

And watch for all the cheer leading on this report, as below:

Existing Home Sales
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Highlights
The housing sector is lifting off, as existing home sales jumped 5.1 percent in May to a 5.35 million annual rate that hits the top end of the Econoday consensus. The year-on-year rate tells the story, at plus 9.2 percent which, outside of March’ s 11.9 percent, is the strongest rate in nearly two years. And prices are rising, up 7.9 percent year-on-year at a median $228,700.

In a special sign of strength, sales are strongest for single-family homes, up 5.6 percent in the month to 4.73 million. Year-on-year, single-family sales are up 9.7 percent. Condo sales have been flat in recent reports, up 1.6 percent in May to a 620,000 rate for a year-on-year gain of 5.1 percent. And in yet another special strength, first-time buyers are back in the market, making up 32 percent of all sales vs 27 percent this time last year.

Gains sweep the regional data with the Midwest up 4.1 percent and the West and South up 4.3 percent each. Year-on-year, the biggest gain is in the Midwest at 12.4 percent with the West at 9.0 percent and the South up 6.9 percent.

Holding down sales has been a lack of supply which, relative to sales, is at 5.1 month vs 5.2 in April. In another sign of tightness, the median sales time held steady at 40 days. But the rising sales rate together with the rise in prices are certain to bring new homes to the market. And homes are coming onto the market, to 2.29 million vs 2.20 and 2.01 in the prior two readings.
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No bounce here:

Chicago Fed National Activity Index
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Highlights
There was net improvement in May’s run of economic data but not much at least based on the national activity index which comes in at minus 0.17 vs a downward revised minus 0.19 in April. The 3-month average is telling the same story of weakness, at minus 0.16 vs a revised minus 0.20 in April.

Much stronger payroll growth, at 280,000, was May’s highlight but the gain was offset by a 1 tenth tick higher in the unemployment rate to 5.5 percent which leaves the month’s total employment contribution to the index unchanged at plus 0.10. Other readings were also little changed and all soft: production-related indicators at minus 0.17 vs April’s minus 0.19, sales/orders/inventories at zero vs minus 0.1, and personal consumption & housing at minus 0.09.

The big bounce, according to today’s report, that was expected following the transitory factors of a very soft first quarter has yet to appear.

Remember the cheer leading last year when the high prints were recorded, just before oil prices fell? And then how the drop in oil price would be fueling/accelerating GDP with forecasts in the 4% neighborhood?
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It now looks like the Greek leaders have thrown in the towel and offered something likely to be accepted, all as previously discussed (though it was never even close to a ‘sure thing’), showing that deep down the leadership are ‘Europeans’ first who see nationalism as the greater risk, and will work for progressive change within the context of the EU, however slim their odds of success.

And not to say it’s a ‘done deal’ or that rough spots won’t continue. This is politics, with all the associated risks.

DB: Greece: Finally some positive news, much more to go

The details of the new Greek proposal have not been published, but press reports so far suggest they represent a material change in stance for the Greek government. Details reported include the following:

– A broad based increase in VAT rates, inclusive of some foodstuffs and restaurants by 10%;

– An elimination of early retirement benefits from 2016 to be phased in over three years;

– Most importantly, a broad-based increase in pension contributions, reported to be 2% for wage-earners and 2% for corporations;

– An increase in a special “healthcare” charge on pensions equivalent to an across the board cut of 1% in main and 5% cut in supplementary pensions;

– Cuts in defense spending;

– Increases in corporate tax rates to those firms earning more than 500mio EUR profits;

– Increases in income tax rates to those earning above 30k EUR.

Our assessment of the reported changes above is that they represent meaningful concessions from the Greek side, if they are to be confirmed, bringing them closer to the creditor proposals.

Greece at the cross roads

On Fri, Jun 19, 2015 at 6:47 AM, wrote:
Hi Warren!

Do you know this proposal by Rob Parentau and Trod Andresen of introducing a parallel currency in the form of Tax Anticipation Notes?

A program proposal for creating a complementary currency in Greece

From rumours seem it could be introduced in Greece.

What do you think?

Yes, it’s been around for a while- a take off on Mosler bonds and my California proposal years ago when they had problems.

The Greeks have known about these things all along but didn’t want to go in that direction. If they come to any kind of agreement, they get full conventional funding. If they don’t, they are afraid of what might happen to the banking system and the economy if the EU retaliates, whether or not they get alternative funding. And that could mean political turnover and the rise of Golden Dawn, etc.

So it hasn’t been about funding- it’s been about coming to terms that allow Greece to stay in the EU. As we discussed, leaving is looked at as a move to the right, and a victory for the right and nationalism.

It’s the right that has said the the EU was a mistake from the beginning for reasons of governance more than economics. The current Greek leftist government considers themselves as ‘progressive Europeans’ who look to the European Union and the common currency as the progressive future, moving away from the nationalism that caused the previous centuries of warfare, etc. So their first choice is to remain Europeans and work within the EU for a progressive economic agenda.

If they do break from the EU and move towards alternative finance to support their progressive economic agenda, which could very well happen, they will see it as a catastrophic failure of their diplomatic efforts to achieve their personal ideals.

Greek bank liquidity, credit check

So people transferred their deposits to other banks, and those other banks wouldn’t redeposit/lend those euro back to the Greek banks via the interbank market, at any rate of interest.

So instead the lost deposits were replaced by what functionally are deposits from the ECB via what’s called the ELA. What’s wrong with that? Why have an interbank market at all? Why not simply let banks have debits/deposits from the ECB as needed as long as they are deemed adequately capitalized and in good standing by that same ECB? And no other entity has the access and authority to fully regulate and supervise, qualifying it regarding the decision of providing ‘liquidity’.

The way I say it is ‘the liability side of banking is not the place for market discipline.” Hopefully they know this and don’t decide to punish privately owned ECB member banks for sins of their govt.

On Monday, ECB President Mario Draghi told European lawmakers that, so far, the bank had helped out Greek lenders to the tune of 118 billion euros ($133 billion) – about 66 percent of Greece’s overall economy. At the end of 2014, that sum was only half the current level.

Still no bounce:
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Sanders endorsement, Greece, Passenger transportation services index

A bit of press for my endorsement of Bernie Sanders for President after a chat with Stephanie Kelton which included how they’ve been working together on his economic agenda.

Warren Mosler – An International Leader in Modern Monetary Theory Endorses Bernie Sanders

Varoufakis completely misses the point.

First, the only way public debt, for all practical purposes, need be ‘paid back’ is via refinance.

Second, with the implied guarantee of the ECB’s ‘do what it takes’ policy, rates are down and market forces not applicable for those members ‘in good standing’ and not at risk of losing that ECB support.

Third, Greece, and the entire euro zone, is in desperate need of larger deficits/more public debt, either through tax reductions or spending increases (that choice is political). So even if Greece ‘wins’ on all points currently being negotiated the economy still deteriorates, just at a slower pace.

Fourth, if Greece attempts to go to drachma or any kind of ‘parallel currency’, based on discussion I’ve heard and read, it will most likely be a case of out of the frying pan and into the fire. The expertise required to do it right is not evident at any level.

Varoufakis demands slash to Greek debt

June 15 — Greek finance minister Yanis Varoufakis said that his country desperately needed some of its debts written off if it is ever to pay anything back.

“Only [with debt cuts] can we guarantee the repayment of as much of our debt as possible and actually deliver,” Varoufakis told Bild on Monday.

He claimed that he would immediately agree to further financial aid from the country’s creditors – which he and Prime Minister Alexis Tsipras have until now resisted due to the harsh conditions attached to it – if some of Greece’s debts could be cancelled

Another index in decline:
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EU Industrial Production, Credit Check, Atlanta Fed

Even with increasing net exports, over all GDP isn’t benefiting all that much, as fiscal policy and structural reforms that assist exports do so by restricting incomes and domestic demand to achieve ‘competitiveness’. Additionally, negative rates and QE remove some interest income from the economy, which also restricts domestic demand to some degree. And, ironically, the subsequent current account surplus puts upward pressure on the euro until there are no net exports, obviating the efforts and sacrifices that went into achieving the competitiveness. Further note that a Greek default, for example, fundamentally removes net euro financial assets from the economy, further tightening the euro, as Greek debt is nothing more than bank deposits in the ECB system:

European Union : Industrial Production
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Highlights
The goods producing sector began the second quarter on a surprisingly soft note. A 0.1 percent monthly rise in production (ex-construction) was comfortably short of expectations and followed a steeper revised 0.4 percent decline in March. As a result, annual workday adjusted output growth dropped from 2.1 percent to 0.8 percent, its slowest pace since January.

However, April’s minimal monthly rebound would have been rather more impressive but for a 1.6 percent slide in energy. Elsewhere there were gains in intermediates (0.3 percent), capital goods (0.7 percent) and consumer durables (1.0 percent). Non-durable consumer goods were down 0.8 percent but, apart from this category, all sectors reported increases versus a year ago.

Amongst the larger member states output rose a solid 0.8 percent on the month in Germany but there were falls in France (1.0 percent), Italy (0.3 percent) and Spain (0.1 percent). Elsewhere Finland, already technically in recession, only saw output stagnate following a cumulative 2.4 percent loss since the end of last year while Greece (also back in recession) posted a hefty 2.3 percent reversal.

April’s advance leaves Eurozone industrial production just 0.1 percent above its average level in the first quarter when it increased fully 0.9 percent versus October-December. This provides early warning of a probable smaller contribution from the sector to real GDP this quarter and so underscores the need for the ECB to see out its QE programme in full.
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Portfolio selling from blind fear of QE and negative rates and Greece, etc. drove down the euro, but fundamentally inflation was falling and ‘competitiveness’ increasing so the trade surplus was pushed higher by the lower levels of the currency. Now it looks like the increasing trade flows are ‘winning’ and beginning drive the euro higher, with portfolios ‘sold out’ of euro, all of which should continue until the trade flows subside:
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Back to the US:

I see no sign of whatsoever of accelerating credit growth:
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This got some attention when the growth rate was increasing, but not anymore since it rolled over and remains well below prior cycles:
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They make point of potential growth every time one of the little wiggles bends up, but just look at how low the growth rate actually is, especially compared to prior cycles:
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Nothing happening with consumer lending:
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This shows how competitive banking is as banks compete by narrowing their spreads over their cost of funds:
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The Atlanta Fed forecast ticked up with the latest retail releases, but still remains well below mainstream forecasts and is also indicating what would be a very weak ‘bounce’ from the negative Q1 print, as the implied first half GDP growth rate would only be around .6%- very close to an ‘official’ recession. And as you’ve seen from the charts, those same releases indicated continued year over year deceleration of growth (including autos and retail sales) as well as elevated inventories, which doesn’t bode well for Q3 and Q4:
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Saudi output, Greek statement, EU pmi

Saudi output up a bit. As they post prices and let their refiners buy all they want at those prices, this shows demand is up a bit, likely because of a supply disruption elsewhere, like Libya, for example:
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As suggested all along:

In an interview with Realnews newspaper published on Saturday, Economy Minister George Stathakis said Athens had no alternative plan.

“The idea of a Plan B doesn’t exist. Our country needs to stay in the eurozone but on a better organized aid program,” he said.

Stathakis was confident a deal will be reached. “Otherwise, mainly Greece but the European Union as well will step into unchartered waters and no-one wants that.

Note the improvement in exports, with the current account surplus already strong. This is the opposite of the US, and caused by the liquidation of euro reserves by foreign central banks, whose selling drove the euro down to the point the current account surplus expanded to absorb it. As the selling subsides the CA surplus will continue until the euro goes high enough to eliminate it:

European Union : PMI Manufacturing Index
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Highlights
The final manufacturing PMI for May showed a minimal 0.1 point downward revision to its flash estimate to 52.2. This matched the 10-month high registered in March and was 0.2 points firmer than the final April print.

Manufacturing production expanded again, albeit at a slightly slower rate than last time, and both overall new orders and new export business improved suggesting that growth should be sustained over coming months. Increased demand was reflected in a rise in backlogs and also contributed to a ninth consecutive gain in the sector’s headcount.

macro update

At the beginning of 2013 the US let the FICA tax reduction and some of the Bush tax cuts expire and then in April the sequesters kicked totally some $250 billion of proactive deficit reduction. This cut 2013 growth from what might have been 4% to just over half that, peaking in Q3 and then declining to negative growth in Q1, due to the extremely cold winter. Forecasts were for higher growth in 2014 as the ‘fiscal headwinds’ subsided. GDP did resume after the weather improved, though not enough for 2014 to look much different from 2013. And with the fall in the price of oil in Q4 2014, forecasts for Q1 2015 were raised to about 4% based on the ‘boost to consumers’ from the lower oil prices. Instead, Q1 GDP was -.7%. The winter was on the cold side and the consumer had been saving instead of spending the savings from lower gas prices. And the forecasts for Q2 were for about 4% growth based on a bounce back and consumers now spending their gas savings. Most recently Q2 forecasts have been reduced with the release of Q2 data.

My narrative is that we learned the extent of capex chasing $90 in Q4 after the price fell in half. It seemed to me then that it had been that capex that kept 2013 growth as high as it was and was responsible for the bounce from Q1 2014 as well as the continued positive growth during 2014 up to the time the price of oil dropped and the high priced oil related capex came to a sudden end.

By identity if any agent spend less than his income another must have spent more than his income or the output would not have been sold. So for 2012 the output was sold with govt deficit spending where it had been, and when it was cut by some $250 billion in 2013 some other agent had to increase it’s ‘deficit spending’ (which can be via new debt or via depleting savings) or the output would have been reduced by that amount. Turns out the increase in oil capex was maybe $150 billion for 2013 and again in 2014, best I can tell, and this was sufficient to keep the modest growth going while it lasted. And when it ended in Q4 that spending (plus multipliers) ended as well, as evidenced by the sudden decline in GDP growth. And so far the Q2 numbers don’t look like they’ve increased much, if any, since Q1. And to do so will take an increase in ‘borrowing to spend’ that I can’t detect. Of course, I missed the surge in oil capex last year, so there could be something this year I’m missing as well.

When oil prices dropped I pointed out three things-

1. Income saved by buyers of oil equaled income lost by sellers, so the benefit to total spending was likely to be small and could be negative, depending on propensities to save and to spend on imports. And yes, some of the sellers of oil were ‘non residents’, but that was likely to reduce US exports, and cuts in global capex could reduce US exports as well.

2. Lost capex was a direct loss of GDP, plus multipliers, both domestically and globally.

3. Deflation in general is highly problematic for lenders, and tends to reduce private sector credit expansion in general.

To me this meant the drop in oil prices was an unambiguous negative. And in the face of universal expectations (including the Fed) that it was a positive, which can be further problematic.

Euro Zone

Forecasts are for modestly improving growth largely due to the weak euro driving exports. However, the euro is down from massive foreign CB selling, probably due to fears of ECB policy and the Greek saga. This technical selling drove the euro down and the euro area 19 member current account surplus up, absorbing the euro the portfolios were selling. Once the portfolio selling subsides- which it will as euro reserves are depleted and short positions reach maximums- the trade flows continue, which then drives the euro up until those trade flows reverse. In other words, the euro appreciates until net exports decline and the anticipated GDP growth fades. And there is nothing the ECB can do to stop it, as rate cuts and QE works only to the extent it frightens portfolio managers into selling, etc.

Also, ironically, a Greek default would fundamentally strengthen the euro as Greek bonds are nothing more than euro balances in the ECB system, and a default is a de facto ‘tax’ that reduces the holdings of euro net financial assets in the economy, making euro that much ‘harder to get’ etc.

China, Bunds, and Fed’s labor market index

As if rate cuts will help:

China cuts interest rates for third time since Nov as economy sputters

May 10 (Reuters) — China’s central bank cut its benchmark lending rate by 25 basis points to 5.1 percent on Sunday, its third reduction since November, as economic growth cools to levels not seen since the global financial crisis.

The People’s Bank of China (PBOC) also reduced one-year benchmark deposit rates by 25 basis points to 2.25 percent, it said in a statement on its website, adding that the reductions would be effective on May 11.

This is a ‘blow up’? All the way up to half a percent for a 10 year bund…

Markets blew up the bunds and helped Greece

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No one still quite knows what this is:

United States : Labor Market Conditions Index
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Highlights
The labor market is very soft based on the Fed’s labor market conditions index which is in negative ground for a second straight month, at minus 1.9 in April vs a downward revised minus 1.8 in March. These are the first negative readings in 3 years and follow last week’s April employment report which was no better than mixed. Based on this report, which takes a broad view of the labor market, the Fed will be in no hurry to raise rates. But two reports later this week have definitely been signaling strength in the labor market: JOLTS on Tuesday and jobless claims on Thursday.

GDP detail, EU unemployment, personal income, ECI, Jobless Claims, chicago pmi, Bloomberg consumer comfort

Note the inventory build:
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Note the ‘bending of the curve’ for nominal spending that almost never happens:
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A bit of a disconnect between headline car sales and car sales’ contribution to GDP?
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Disposable income has ratched down twice recently- once from the recession and jump in unemployment, and again with the tax hikes:
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European Union : Unemployment Rate
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Highlights
The Eurozone labour market made limited progress in March. Joblessness fell a further 36,000 to 18.105 million but the unemployment rate held steady at 11.3 percent, a tick above market expectations.

Amongst the larger member states the national jobless rate was unchanged in France (10.6 percent) and Germany (4.7 percent) and declined another tick to 23.0 percent in Spain. However, Italy saw its rate jump 0.3 percentage points to 13.0 percent, just a couple of ticks short of last November’s record high. Top of the pile was again Greece (25.7 percent in January) while Germany remained at the bottom.

Youth unemployment was also unchanged at 22.7 percent following a downward revision to the February rate.

The income lost due to falling oil revenues might be starting to show and the growth rate remains near stall speed:

Personal Income and Outlays
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Highlights
March consumer spending rebounded 0.4 percent (and was up 3.0 percent from a year ago) from a revised increase of 0.2 percent in February. But the data suggest that people remain somewhat cautious in their spending despite months of cheaper gasoline and rising confidence. Consumer spending generates more than two thirds of GDP and is a key driver of growth. Spending on services increased 0.2 percent from the prior month. Spending on goods added 1.0 percent after three consecutive monthly declines, including a 1.8 percent increase in purchases of durable goods like trucks and washing machines that are designed to last at least three years.

Personal income was flat on the month the weakest reading since December 2013. On the year, income was up 3.8 percent.

The Federal Reserve acknowledged that the economy slowed during the winter months, but they blamed the weakness on “transitory factors.” Officials said in a statement they “continue to expect that, with appropriate policy accommodation, economic activity will expand at a moderate pace.”

Personal consumption expenditures price index undershot the Fed’s 2 percent target increasing 0.3 percent in March from a year earlier, the same increase as the previous month. Excluding the volatile food and energy categories, prices climbed 1.3 percent in March from a year earlier for the fourth consecutive month.
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A bit higher than expected but I attribute this to hiring getting ahead of itself as reported employment gains have been outrunning growth of output:

Employment Cost Index
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In the 12 months through March, labor costs jumped 2.6 percent, the largest rise since the fourth quarter of 2008. That is still below the 3 percent threshold that economists say is needed to bring inflation closer to the Fed’s 2 percent target.

Lower than expected and the Fed knows it shows separations and not new hires, though it has correlated to hiring historically:

Jobless Claims
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Highlights
The Fed is ready now to pull the trigger at anytime and today’s jobless claims data may have their finger a little itchy. Initial claims, not skewed by special factors, plunged 34,000 in the April 25 week to 262,000 which is the lowest level since all the way back to April 2000. The 4-week average is down 1,250 to a 283,750 level which is just below a month-ago and is also a 15-year low.
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Bloomberg Consumer Comfort Index
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Highlights
Bloomberg’s consumer confidence index declined for a third consecutive week to a six-week low of 44.7 as Americans took a less favorable view of their finances and the slowdowns at factories and oilfields soured attitudes among men. Sentiment among men showed one of the biggest decreases in the past four years, while confidence in the Midwest slumped by the most in more than a decade. While the Bloomberg comfort gauge cooled from an almost eight-year high reached earlier this month, it remains well above last year’s average of 36.7, which was the best since 2007.